coprime numbers

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• Coprime — In number theory, a branch of mathematics, two integers a and b are said to be coprime (also spelled co prime) or relatively prime if the only positive integer that evenly divides both of them is 1. This is the same thing as their greatest common …   Wikipedia

• Pairwise coprime — In mathematics, especially number theory, a set of integers is said to be pairwise coprime (or pairwise relatively prime, also known as mutually coprime) if every pair of integers a and b in the set are coprime (that is, have no common divisors… …   Wikipedia

• Pythagorean triple — A Pythagorean triple consists of three positive integers a , b , and c , such that a 2 + b 2 = c 2. Such a triple is commonly written ( a , b , c ), and a well known example is (3, 4, 5). If ( a , b , c ) is a Pythagorean triple, then so is ( ka …   Wikipedia

• Fermat's little theorem — (not to be confused with Fermat s last theorem) states that if p is a prime number, then for any integer a , a^p a will be evenly divisible by p . This can be expressed in the notation of modular arithmetic as follows::a^p equiv a pmod{p},!A… …   Wikipedia

• Gödel numbering for sequences — A Gödel numbering for sequences provides us an effective way to represent each finite sequence of natural numbers as a single natural number. Of course, the embedding is surely possible set theoretically, but the emphasis is on the effectiveness… …   Wikipedia

• Plimpton 322 — Of the approximately half million Babylonian clay tablets excavated since the beginning of the 19th century, several thousand are of a mathematical nature. Probably the most famous of these examples of Babylonian mathematics is the tablet called… …   Wikipedia

• Babylonian mathematics — refers to any mathematics of the peoples of Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq), from the days of the early Sumerians to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC. In contrast to the scarcity of sources in Egyptian mathematics, our knowledge of Babylonian mathematics …   Wikipedia

• Ideal (ring theory) — In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, an ideal is a special subset of a ring. The ideal concept allows the generalization in an appropriate way of some important properties of integers like even number or multiple of 3 . For instance, in… …   Wikipedia

• Stoneham number — In mathematics, the Stoneham numbers are a certain class of real numbers, named after mathematician Richard G. Stoneham (1920–1996). For coprime numbers b , c gt; 1, the Stoneham number α b , c is defined as:alpha {b,c} = sum {n=c^k>1}… …   Wikipedia

• Completely multiplicative function — In number theory, functions of positive integers which respect products are important and are called completely multiplicative functions or totally multiplicative functions. Especially in number theory, a weaker condition is also important,… …   Wikipedia

• Generating set of a group — In abstract algebra, a generating set of a group is a subset that is not contained in any proper subgroup of the group. Equivalently, a generating set of a group is a subset such that every element of the group can be expressed as the combination …   Wikipedia